What Are Exponents?
An exponent tells you how many times to multiply a number (the base) by itself. For example, 23 means 2 × 2 × 2 = 8.
The Seven Laws of Exponents
Master these seven rules to solve any exponent problem on the SAT quickly and accurately.
Law 1: Product Rule
am × an = am+n
When multiplying powers with the same base, ADD the exponents.
Example: x3 × x4 = x3+4 = x7
Think: (x·x·x) × (x·x·x·x) = x·x·x·x·x·x·x
Law 2: Quotient Rule
am ÷ an = am−n
When dividing powers with the same base, SUBTRACT the exponents.
Example: x7 ÷ x3 = x7−3 = x4
Think: Cancel three x's from top and bottom