Линейная функция и её график
Linear Function and Its Graph
Алгебра · 7 класс
§1. Введение — From Direct Proportionality to Linear Function
You already know the function of direct proportionality:
This function describes situations where y is directly proportional to x. Its graph is a straight line passing through the origin (0, 0).
But what happens if we add a constant term?
This gives us a more general function — the линейная функция (linear function). The constant b shifts the line up or down from the origin, allowing us to model many more real-world situations.
🔹 Direct Proportionality
y = kx
Line passes through (0, 0)
Example: y = 3x
🔹 Linear Function
y = kx + b
Line can cross y-axis anywhere
Example: y = 3x + 2
§2. Определение — Formal Definition
Линейной функцией называется функция, которую можно задать формулой вида
k и b — некоторые числа (some numbers), причём k ≠ 0.
📌 Coefficient k
Угловой коэффициент (slope) — determines the steepness and direction of the line.
📌 Coefficient b
Свободный член (y-intercept) — determines where the line crosses the y-axis.