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Triangles: Types, Properties, and Perimeter

Mathematics Grade 3 Difficulty 2/5

Beginning of the lesson

🔺 Welcome to the World of Triangles!

Below, you'll find interactive triangle diagrams you can move and explore.

What is a Triangle?

A triangle is a flat shape (polygon) with 3 straight sides and 3 corners (vertices). It's one of the most important shapes in math and you can find triangles everywhere around you!

Try moving the corners (vertices) of this triangle to see how its shape changes:

Interactive visualization — available in the full lesson

Parts of a Triangle

  • Sides: The 3 straight line segments that make up the triangle
  • Vertices: The 3 corners where the sides meet (one vertex, two or more vertices)
  • Angles: The space between two sides at each corner, measured in degrees

Here's a triangle with all its parts labeled:

Interactive visualization — available in the full lesson
Equilateral Triangle

All 3 sides are the same length

All 3 angles are also equal, each is \(60°\)

Interactive visualization — available in the full lesson
🎯 How to Measure Triangle Sides
  1. Place a ruler along one side of the triangle so that 0 is at one end
  2. Read the number at the other end of the side
  3. Write down that measurement
  4. Repeat for all three sides

In this diagram, the side lengths change when you move the corners—just like measuring with a ruler:

Interactive visualization — available in the full lesson

📏 What is Perimeter?

Perimeter is the distance around the outside of a shape.

To find the perimeter of a triangle, we add all three side lengths!

The Perimeter Formula:

If the sides of a triangle are \(a\), \(b\), and \(c\), then the perimeter is:

$$P = a + b + c$$

or simply: Add all the sides together!

Try this interactive perimeter calculator:

Interactive visualization — available in the full lesson

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In the full lesson

  • The complete explanation
  • Worked examples
  • Common mistakes and how to avoid them
  • Test questions: 15
  • AI tutor that answers questions about the topic
  • Progress tracking for students, parents and teachers